Operators

Operators in TorqueScript behave very similarly to operators in real world math and other programming languages. You should recognize quite a few of these from math classes you took in school, but with small syntactical changes. The rest of this section will explain the syntax and show a brief example, but we will cover these in depth in later guides.

Arithmetic Operators

These are your basic math ops.

Operator	Name	Example	Explanation
*	multiplication	$a * $b	Multiply $a and $b.
/	division	$a / $b	Divide $a by $b.
%	modulo	$a % $b	Remainder of $a divided by $b.
+	addition	$a + $b	Add $a and $b.
-	subtraction	$a - $b	Subtract $b from $a.
++	auto-increment (post-fix only)	$a++	Increment $a.
--	auto-decrement (post-fix only)	$b--	Decrement $b.

Note

++$a is illegal. The value of $a++ is that of the incremented variable: auto-increment is post-fix in syntax, but pre-increment in sematics (the variable is incremented, before the return value is calculated). This behavior is unlike that of C and C++.

Note

--$b is illegal. The value of $a-- is that of the decremented variable: auto-decrement is post-fix in syntax, but pre-decrement in sematics (the variable is decremented, before the return value is calculated). This behavior is unlike that of C and C++.

Relational Operators

Used in comparing values and variables against each other.

Operator	Name	Example	Explanation
<	Less than	$a < $b	1 if $a is less than $b
>	More than	$a > $b	1 if $a is greater than $b
<=	Less than or Equal to	$a <= $b	1 if $a is less than or equal to $b
>=	More than or Equal to	$a >= $b	1 if $a is greater than or equal to $b
==	Equal to	$a == $b	1 if $a is equal to $b
!=	Not equal to	$a != $b	1 if $a is not equal to $b
!	Logical NOT	!$a	1 if $a is 0
&&	Logical AND	$a && $b	1 if $a and $b are both non-zero
||	Logical OR	$a || $b	1 if either $a or $b is non-zero
$=	String equal to	$c $= $d	1 if $c equal to $d.
!$=	String not equal to	$c !$= $d	1 if $c not equal to $d.

Bitwise Operators

Used for comparing and shifting bits.

Operator	Name	Example	Explanation
~	Bitwise complement	~$a	flip bits 1 to 0 and 0 to 1
&	Bitwise AND	$a & $b	composite of elements where bits in same position are 1
|	Bitwise OR	$a | $b	composite of elements where bits 1 in either of the two elements
^	Bitwise XOR	$a ^ $b	composite of elements where bits in same position are opposite
<<	Left Shift	$a << 3	element shifted left by 3 and padded with zeros
>>	Right Shift	$a >> 3	element shifted right by 3 and padded with zeros

Assignment Operators

Used for setting the value of variables.

Operator	Name	Example	Explanation
=	Assignment	$a = $b;	Assign value of $b to $a
op=	Assignment Operators	$a op= $b;	Equivalent to $a = $a op $b, where op can be any of: * / % + - & | ^ << >>

Note

The value of an assignment is the value being assigned, so $a = $b = $c is legal.

String Operators

There are special values you can use to concatenate strings and variables. Concatenation refers to the joining of multiple values into a single variable. The following is the basic syntax:

"string 1" operation "string 2"

You can use string operators similarly to how you use mathematical operators (=, +, -, *). You have four operators at your disposal:

Operator	Name	Example	Explanation
@	String concatenation	$c @ $d	Concatenates strings $c and $d into a single string. Numeric literals/variables convert to strings.
NL	New Line	$c NL $d	Concatenates strings $c and $d into a single string separated by new-line. Such a string can be decomposed with getRecord()
TAB	Tab	$c TAB $d	Concatenates strings $c and $d into a single string separated by tab. Such a string can be decomposed with getField()
SPC	Space	$c SPC $d	Concatenates strings $c and $d into a single string separated by space. Such a string can be decomposed with getWord()

Miscellaneous Operators

General programming operators.

Operator	Name	Example	Explanation
? :	Conditional	x ? y : z	Evaluates to y if x equal to 1, else evaluates to z
[]	Array element	$a[5]	Synonymous with $a5
( )	Delimiting, Grouping	t2dGetMin(%a, %b) if ( $a == $b ) ($a+$b)*($c-$d)	Argument list for function call Used with if, for, while, switch keywords Control associativity in expressions
{}	Compound statement	if (1) {$a = 1; $b = 2;} function foo() {$a = 1;}	Delimit multiple statements, optional for if, else, for, while Required for switch, datablock, new, function
,	Listing	t2dGetMin(%a, %b) %M[1,2]	Delimiter for arguments
::	Namespace	Item::onCollision()	This definition of the onCollision() function is in the Item namespace
.	Field/Method selection	%obj.field %obj.method()	Select a console method or field
//	Single-line comment	// This is a comment	Used to comment out a single line of code
/* */	Multi-line comment	/*This is a a multi-line comment*/	Used to comment out multiple consecutive lines /* opens the comment, and */ closes it

Note

There is no “comma operator”, as defined in C/C++; $a = 1, $b = 2; is a parse error.